For in-house legal departments, relationships with Outside Counsel are integral to the overall management of matters and outcomes.  A solid relationship creates synergy and partnership; a dysfunctional one creates frustration and typically increases costs.  One of the most common tools to enhance client/firm relationships is setting Outside Counsel Guidelines (OCGs). 

Maintaining some variation of OCGs is a common practice these days, but setting comprehensive and clear guidelines is less prevalent. Having drafted many OCGs in my career, I have a strong perspective on their purpose and the approach to take.  Here are some pointers for drafting effective Outside Counsel Guidelines: 

1. Use OCGs as an instructions manual not an engagement agreement:   Law Firm engagement agreements and OCGs should work in tandem to establish the relationship with your law firms. Both are documents reflecting mutually agreed upon contractual obligations. However, there should be distinct differences between the two: the engagement letter outlines the terms associated with representing the company (i.e., conflict process, liability, IT security requirements, and pricing); and the guidelines explain what is expected in the operational aspects of the relationship - invoicing, staffing of matters, what constitutes billable work, and cost management methods (i.e. accruals, budgets)
    
2. Be clear & simple:  Don’t overcomplicate the instructions. Highlight the most important aspects and provide details of what is required/accepted and what is not for each topic. Focus on areas such as:
   1. Methods of submitting invoices (e.g., eBilling tool, PO process) and requesting rate increases (specifying timing and limitations)
   2. Acceptable and unacceptable types of work (e.g., doing research, training, clerical) and billing behaviors (e.g., forbidding block or embedded billing, requiring narratives)
   3. Staffing requirements (e.g., change notice, alignment of task/level with experience and matter complexity)
   4. Non-Billable items (e.g., phone, unapproved travel, online research tools)  
   5. Invoice requirements (e.g., frequency, format, approved fees/expenses)
   6. Budgeting expectations (e.g., by matter, frequency, and updating budgets)
   7. Accrual submission (e.g., define accruals, deadlines, and timing, matter vs. firm)

3. Be mindful of practice area differences: Most instructions found in OCGs apply across practice areas.  However, sometimes there are nuances, and specific instructions should be provided for practice areas that have the biggest impact on spend.  For example, if your department has a lot of litigation/eDiscovery, be specific about how matters should be billed, such as use of UTBMS codes. Also, we recommend requiring the use of approved third-party vendors (i.e., eDiscovery or translation providers), leveraging bargaining power to control costs.  No longer should you just accept any pass-through costs.  In our experience, the practice areas that may need specific guidelines are Litigation, Intellectual Property and M&A.
    
4. Be mindful of global differences:   Most instructions found in OCGs apply to UK and European  law firms. However, there are nuances, and specific instructions should be provided for legal services that will be provided by law firms based US.  This could mean  providing instructions related to selection of corporate entities, local GST/VAT taxes, FX/currency. For example, intellectual property practitioners often work with a network of law firms located around the world – typically in countries where the company files patents and trademarks.  In these cases, the OCGs might need to address the cost of currency conversion.
    
5. Leverage company policies:  Don’t re-create the wheel.  If your company has travel and expenses policies, incorporate them into your OCGs.  Remember, the firms should not be given more latitude than your own in-house team.
    
6. Communicate & train:  Communicate to firms early and often when you’re getting ready to launch (or revise) your guidelines. Giving firms enough time to digest, disseminate, and implement the guidelines will help ensure their compliance with your expectations.  Consider hosting sessions for the billing coordinators to highlight key aspects, and maintain the dialogue with occasional update sessions (e.g., quarterly).
    
7. Request value-adds:  Enhance the firm/in-house relationship by creating opportunity for knowledge sharing and thought leadership.  Many legal departments leverage firms to provide CLE programs on new or key legal topics.  Legal departments with more advanced vendor management programmes host an OC Summit where top firms (partners and key personnel) come together to discuss business objectives, department goals, and challenges to the legal landscape. This creates a mutually beneficial opportunity to share perspectives and insights on how best to partner and represent the Company.
    
   Learn more: How to Get the Most out of Your Legal Billing Data – Fostering Transparency and Collaboration to Better Align Expectations

8. Enforce & provide feedback:  Ultimately, the guidelines are only truly effective when they are enforced.  To achieve that, all members of the in-house legal team, including lawyers, should be familiar with the guidelines, especially if they are invoice approvers.  If you were charged for something that is not allowed, provide immediate feedback to the firm. It is helpful to leverage eBilling tools and/or third-party invoice reviewers to ensure compliance to the guidelines.  More mature vendor management programmes feature an annual review with a scorecard-based evaluation that includes scores on compliance to the OCGs.
    
9. Revisit & update: OCGs should evolve as your vendor and spend management programme matures.   For example, you initially might not be leveraging alternative fees (AFAs), but one or two years later you may (a) be leveraging an RFP tool; (b) have established a preferred law firm panel; or (c) have adopted software to facilitate the relationship with outside counsel.  Naturally, your guidelines should reflect these new processes, tools and approach.  I strongly encourage updating guidelines at least every 18 months.
    
10. Set the tone: The overarching approach to Outside Counsel Guidelines should reflect your company and legal departments’ goals and culture.  They are a tool to enhance the relationship and are not meant to be adversarial.  Rather, the OCGs should create an opportunity for discussion and partnership with your firms.    

To dig deeper into the how Outside Counsel Guidelines can add value to relationships, watch the recorded webinar on “Outside Counsel Guidelines: Reduce Billing Errors, Save Time & Enhance Relationships” with panellist Patrick Fuller & Virginia Griffith.  

Having an effective Outside Counsel Guidelines (OCG) process is key to building relationships with Firms and managing spend. Drafting effective Outside Counsel Guidelines should be a proactive process and opportunity for your in-house legal departments to align expectations with firms and to enhance future business decisions.

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